Attorney General
The Attorney General (AG) serves as the chief legal advisor to the Israeli government and the head of the public prosecution. Currently held by Gali Baharav-Miara, the role is at the center of a major constitutional debate regarding the separation of its advisory and prosecutorial powers.
The Attorney General of Israel is a uniquely powerful position that combines four distinct functions: head of the public prosecution system, legal advisor to the government, representative of the state in legal proceedings, and supervisor of the public interest in legislative matters. Since the appointment of Gali Baharav-Miara in early 2022, the office has become a focal point of friction between the executive branch and the judicial establishment. ### The Split Legislation (Part A) As of July 2026, the Israeli coalition is advancing a significant structural reform known as the 'Attorney General Split.' Spearheaded by MK Simcha Rothman, Chairman of the Constitution Committee, the bill seeks to separate the AG's dual roles. Under the proposed framework, the advisory and representation functions will be distinct from the state prosecution. The legislation, which has reached the Knesset plenum for final votes, is scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2027. Proponents argue this will prevent inherent conflicts of interest, while critics view it as an attempt to weaken the gatekeepers of Israeli democracy. ### Recent Friction and Security Realities The AG's office frequently clashes with the current government over security and civil service policies. Recently, Baharav-Miara and the Military Advocate General issued warnings against proposed arrest legislation, arguing it would incentivize draft evasion by granting immunity from prosecution. Additionally, the AG has been involved in high-profile criminal oversight, including directing the Tax Authority to deepen investigations into senior political figures. These actions have led to sharp rhetoric from coalition ministers, who have accused the office of political bias. Despite these tensions, the AG remains the final arbiter of legal propriety for government actions, a role that continues to be tested by the coalition's 'legislative blitz' aimed at completing the judicial overhaul before any potential Knesset dissolution.